Tricking the brain into eating less by serving food on a smaller plate doesn't necessarily work, according a new study by BGU researchers, who found that when people are food-deprived, they're likely to identify a portion size accurately, no matter how it is served.
The study, published in Appetite, debunks the popular diet trick based on the Delbouef illusion that predicts people will identify sizes differently when they are placed within a larger or smaller object. The classic experiment shows that people perceive a similar black circle to be smaller when it embedded in a larger circle than when it is embedded in a smaller one.
“Plate size doesn't matter as much as we think it does," says Prof. Tzvi Ganel, head of the Laboratory for Visual Perception and Action in BGU's Department of Psychology, “Even if you're hungry and haven't eaten, or are trying to cut back on portions, a serving looks similar whether it fills a smaller plate or is surrounded by empty space on a larger one."
In the first study to examine the way food deprivation affects perception of food in different contexts, Prof. Ganel and BGU Ph.D. student Noa Zitron-Emanuel found that people who hadn't eaten for at least three hours were more likely to identify the proportions of pizza placed on larger and smaller trays correctly than people who had eaten recently.
This only worked when it applied to food. Both groups were similarly inaccurate when asked to compare the size of black circles and hubcaps placed within different sized circles. According to the researchers, this indicates that hunger stimulates stronger analytic processing that is not as easily fooled by the illusion.
“Over the last decade, restaurants and other food businesses have been using progressively smaller dishes to conform to the perceptual bias that it will reduce food consumption," says Prof. Ganel. “This study debunks that notion. When people are hungry, especially when dieting, they are less likely to be fooled by the plate size, more likely to realize they are eating less and more prone to overeating later."
Above: Examples of four trials of food-stimuli in experiments. Notice that the pizza on the small tray is always the standard image and remains constant in size, while the pizza on the larger tray is the reference stimulus which changes along its size. Participants were asked to choose the larger pizza in each pair.
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