Kogan, S.B.; Koresh, J.B.; Herskowitz, M., "Acid Catalysts on Carbon Fibers", Israeli Patent Appl. (1995).
Herskowitz, M., "Method for Hydrocarbon Synthesis Reactions", US Patent 5,652,193 (1997). A catalyst compn. useful for the conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons (e.g., distillate fuels) at high productivity with low-CH4 selectivity is comprised of a particulate metal compd. dispersed, alone or with a metal promoter, as a thin catalytically active film upon a particulate support, the film having a thickness of 0.02-0.25 mm detd. to maximize CO conversion and minimize CH4 conversion by relating the diffusion rate of the CO and H2 to a rate of reaction at a predetd. temp., partial pressures, support geometry, and catalyst type and prepn. Thus, catalysts prepd. by repetitively depositing Co and Re on a preheated TiO2 substrate as a thin layer (60-160 μm) were used to convert a synthesis gas at 200°, 280 psig, and 800 h-1 gas space velocity for >20 h, resulting in very high productivities and low CH4 selectivities.
Kaliya, M., Landau, M.V. and Herskowitz, M., "Catalyst for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Paraffinic Hydrocarbons and Use of this Catalyst", EP804287B1 (1998). Oxidative dehydrogenation (and cracking as a side reaction) of C2-C5 paraffins (homogeneous hydrocarbons or mixts. with liquefied petroleum gas) to form C2-C5 olefins is done in the presence of an O-contg. gas and H2O(g) by using a calcined oxidic catalyst that has the following compn.: XaYbZcAdOx (wherein X is an element of groups II and/or IVb (Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr...); Y is a lanthanide and/or element of groups IVa or Va (Ce, La, Nd, Dy, Sn, Pr, Sb, Pb...); Z is an element of group I (Li, La, K...); A is an element of group VII (Cl, Br, J); a is 0.4-0.9; b is 0.005-0.3; c 0.005-1.5; d is 0.05-0.8; x is a no. detd. by the valence requirements of the metals and halogens). The catalyst is used in the form of pressed spherical pellets or extrudates with added binder or deposited on a carrier material that consists of 1 of the oxidic components or a sep. carrier material. The wt.-related space velocity relative to the hydrocarbons used is (0.1-20)/h, pressure is 1-5 bar, and temp. is 400-700°.
Landau, M.V.; Herskowitz. M., "Process and Catalysts for the Production of Motor Fuels from Shale Oils", EP956326A1(1999). Shale oils having a high sulfur content are hydrotreated in a two stage process. The shale oil feed is passed along with hydrogen to a reactor where it contacts a catalyst in a first stage to effect desulfurization. The feed is then passed to a second stage where it contacts a second catalyst to effect denitrogenation. The catalyst in the first stage is cobalt and/or nickel and molybdenum supported on a rare earth oxide-modified alumina. The catalyst in the second stage is cobalt and/or nickel, molybdenum, and a promoter on a zeolite and rare earth oxide-modified alumina support.
Herskowitz, M.; Kogan S., “Catalysts for Converting Paraffinic Hydrocarbons into Corresponding Olefins", WO9929420A1 (1999). A calcined dehydrogenation catalyst comprises an oxidic, heat-stable carrier, e.g., alumina, and (a) 0.2-2.0% (based on catalyst) of ≥1 of Pt and Ir, and as a promoter, a combination of (b) 0.2-5.0% of ≥1 of Ge, Sn, Pb, Ga, In, Tl, (c) 0.1-5.0% of ≥1 of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, (d) 0.2-5.0% of ≥1 of Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, (e) 1.0-5.0% P, (f) 0.2-5% of ≥1 of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra and lanthanides, and (g) 0.1-2% Cl. For example, a catalyst contg. Ca 3, Ni 1, P 1, Sn 2, K 1, Pt 0.6 and Cl 0.5% (prepn. given) gave 38% propane conversion to propylene with 33.4% yield and 88% selectivity.
Kaliya, M.; Landau, M.V.; Herskowitz, M., "Catalyst for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Paraffinic Hydrocarbons and Use of this Catalyst" US6130183 (2000). Oxidative dehydrogenation (and cracking as a side reaction) of C2-C5 paraffins (homogeneous hydrocarbons or mixts. with liquefied petroleum gas) to form C2-C5 olefins is done in the presence of an O-contg. gas and H2O(g) by using a calcined oxidic catalyst that has the following compn.: XaYbZcAdOx (wherein X is an element of groups II and/or IVb (Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr...); Y is a lanthanide and/or element of groups IVa or Va (Ce, La, Nd, Dy, Sn, Pr, Sb, Pb...); Z is an element of group I (Li, La, K...); A is an element of group VII (Cl, Br, J); a is 0.4-0.9; b is 0.005-0.3; c 0.005-1.5; d is 0.05-0.8; x is a no. detd. by the valence requirements of the metals and halogens). The catalyst is used in the form of pressed spherical pellets or extrudates with added binder or deposited on a carrier material that consists of 1 of the oxidic components or a sep. carrier material. The wt.-related space velocity relative to the hydrocarbons used is (0.1-20)/h, pressure is 1-5 bar, and temp. is 400-700°.
Herskowitz, M.; Kogan S., “Catalysts for Converting Paraffinic Hydrocarbons into Corresponding Olefins", EP1051252A1 (2000). A calcined dehydrogenation catalyst comprises an oxidic, heat-stable carrier, e.g., alumina, and (a) 0.2-2.0% (based on catalyst) of ≥1 of Pt and Ir, and as a promoter, a combination of (b) 0.2-5.0% of ≥1 of Ge, Sn, Pb, Ga, In, Tl, (c) 0.1-5.0% of ≥1 of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, (d) 0.2-5.0% of ≥1 of Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, (e) 1.0-5.0% P, (f) 0.2-5% of ≥1 of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra and lanthanides, and (g) 0.1-2% Cl. For example, a catalyst contg. Ca 3, Ni 1, P 1, Sn 2, K 1, Pt 0.6 and Cl 0.5% (prepn. given) gave 38% propane conversion to propylene with 33.4% yield and 88% selectivity.
W.C. Berhmann, C.H. Mauldin, K. Arcuri, and M. Herskowitz, "Method for Hydrocarbon Synthesis Reactions", US Patent 6,319,960 (2001). A catalyst compn. useful for the conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons (e.g., distillate fuels) at high productivity with low-CH4 selectivity is comprised of a particulate metal compd. dispersed, alone or with a metal promoter, as a thin catalytically active film upon a particulate support, the film having a thickness of 0.02-0.25 mm detd. to maximize CO conversion and minimize CH4 conversion by relating the diffusion rate of the CO and H2 to a rate of reaction at a predetd. temp., partial pressures, support geometry, and catalyst type and prepn. Thus, catalysts prepd. by repetitively depositing Co and Re on a preheated TiO2 substrate as a thin layer (60-160 μm) were used to convert a synthesis gas at 200°, 280 psig, and 800 h-1 gas space velocity for >20 h, resulting in very high productivities and low CH4 selectivities.
Landau, M.V.; Herskowitz, M.; Jyothi T.M.; Kaliya, M.L., “A novel catalyst and process for the condensation of olefins with formaldehyde" Israel Patent Appl. No. 141465 (2001).
Landau, M.V.,.Herskowitz, M ; Kaliya, M.; Reizner, I., "Process for removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon streams and adsorbent used in this process", Israel Patent Application No. 150270, (2002).
M. Herskowitz and S. Kogan, “Catalysts for Converting Paraffinic Hydrocarbons into Corresponding Olefins", US Patent 6,414,209 WO 9929420 (2002). A calcined dehydrogenation catalyst comprises an oxidic, heat-stable carrier, e.g., alumina, and (a) 0.2-2.0% (based on catalyst) of ≥1 of Pt and Ir, and as a promoter, a combination of (b) 0.2-5.0% of ≥1 of Ge, Sn, Pb, Ga, In, Tl, (c) 0.1-5.0% of ≥1 of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, (d) 0.2-5.0% of ≥1 of Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, (e) 1.0-5.0% P, (f) 0.2-5% of ≥1 of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra and lanthanides, and (g) 0.1-2% Cl. For example, a catalyst contg. Ca 3, Ni 1, P 1, Sn 2, K 1, Pt 0.6 and Cl 0.5% (prepn. given) gave 38% propane conversion to propylene with 33.4% yield and 88% selectivity.
Landau, M., Herskowitz, M., Reizner, I., Hou, Z. and Kegerreis, J. E. "Process for removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon streams and adsorbent used in this process", U.S. Patent 20050258077 (2005). The present invention is an adsorbent for removing S from hydrocarbon streams. The adsorbent includes Ni particles distributed in a phase contg. SiO2 and Al2O3.
Herskowitz, M., Landau, M.V., Reizner, I. and Kaliya, M. "Production of diesel fuel from vegetable and animal oil" U.S. Patent 20060207116 (2006).A process for producing a fuel compn. from vegetable and/or animal oil comprises hydrodeoxygenating and hydroisomerizing the oil in a single step. The fuel compn. has acceptable lubricity and comprises a mixt. of C14 to C18 paraffins having a ratio of iso to normal paraffins of 2-8 and <5 ppm S.
Wiesman, Z., Herskowitz, M., Grinberg, S., "Production of biodiesel from Balanites aegyptiaca", WO2006126206 (2006). The invention provides methods for prodn. of biodiesel from Balanites aegyptiaca oil or crushed nuts, and further relates to the biodiesel obtained. The Balanites aegyptiaca biodiesel obtained has a compn. of triglycerides of mainly C16:0 and C18:0 satd. and unsatd. fatty acids, with a very high content of linoleic acid and of oleic acid, and it further contains Balanites saponins, acting as surfactants, which reduce the rate of corrosion and improve the performance of the engine.
Herskowitz, M. and Kaliya, M., "Hydrogenation of imine intermediates of sertraline with catalysts in the preparation of sertraline", US Patent 7,276,629 WO 2004092110 (2007). Hydrogenation processes for the conversion of sertraline imine into sertraline with catalysts (e.g., Co) in various reactors are described.
Landau, M., Herskowitz, M., Abecassis-Wolfovich, M., "Manganese oxide-cerium oxide composite" WO 2007069238 (2007). A process for the prepn. of a manganese oxide-cerium oxide composite includes providing a porous matrix, mixing the porous matrix with a precursor soln. contg. hydrated manganese and cerium salts dissolved in a water-miscible org. solvent to obtain a suspension, triggering the formation of a nonfluid phase in the form of a gel which contains manganese and cerium in the interior of the porous matrix by adding a pH modifying agent capable if increasing the pH gradually, sepg. the porous matrix from the liq. phase contg. sol. metals, completing the formation of the nonfluid phase which contains manganese and cerium in the interior of the porous matrix, heat treating the porous matrix to convert the nonfluid phase into a manganese oxide-cerium oxide composite, and isolating the composite from the porous matrix. The porous matrix is mesoporous silica. The isolated Mn2O3-CeO2 composite is formed into pellets or granules for its use as a catalyst. The composite has a surface area of > 200 m2/g and consists of agglomerates composed of particles having an av. diam. of < 5 nm. The composite is used as an oxidn. catalyst to remove org. pollutants from water, such as 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, MTBE, or aniline.
Herskowitz, M., "Reaction system for production of diesel fuel from vegetable and animals oils", U.S. Patent 20080066374 (2008).A process for producing a fuel compn. from vegetable and/or animal oil comprises feeding the oil to a tubular reaction unit contg. a catalyst comprising an acidic component and a metal component, feeding effluent from the tubular reaction unit to a vapor-liq. separator, and feeding a vapor phase sepd. from the effluent from the tubular reaction unit to an adiabatic reaction unit comprising the same catalyst as in the tubular reaction unit comprising an acidic component and a metal component. The produced fuel compn. has acceptable lubricity and comprises a mixt. of C12 to C18 or C14 to C18 paraffins having a ratio of iso to normal paraffins of 2-8 and <5 ppm S.
Landau, M.V., Herskowitz, M., Reizner, I., Konra, Y., Gupta, H., Agnihotri, R., Berlowitz, P.J., Kegerreis, J.E., "Process for adsorption of sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon streams", U.S. Patent 20080099375 (2008). The present invention provides a high capacity adsorbent for removing sulfur from hydrocarbon streams. The adsorbent comprises a composite material contg. particles of a nickel phosphide complex NixP. The adsorbent is utilized in a sulfur removal process that does not require added hydrogen, and run at relatively low temps. ranging from about 150° C. to about 400° C. The process of this invention enables "ultra-deep" desulfurization down to levels of about 1 ppm and less.
Herskowitz, Mordehai; Landau, Miron; Reizner, Yehudit, "Diesel fuel from vegetable and animal oils blended with alkyl levulinates", WO 2010106536 (2010). A method for improving at least one property of a fuel compn. comprises deriving a fuel compn. from vegetable oil and/or animal oil and blending the fuel compn. with alkyl levulinate(s) to provide a fuel compn. blend. The fuel compn. is derived by hydrodeoxygenating or hydroisomerizing the oils in a single step. The fuel compn. blend has a d. of 0.80-0.88 g/cm3; and comprises 5-40 wt.% of the alkyl levulinate(s). The alkyl levulinate(s) are selected and blended in an amt. sufficient to have the fuel compn. blend exhibit improvement relative to the fuel compn. in at least one property.
Landau, Miron; Herskowitz, Mordechai; Satishkumar, Geonker, "Process for the preparation of heterogeneous Fenton catalytic filter", WO 2011111052 (2011).The invention provides a process for the prepn. of an Fe-contg. catalyst suitable for use in Fenton oxidn. reactions, comprising prepg. a mixt. of a source of Fe ions and solid support particles, said support particles with chem. reactive groups present on their surface, contacting said mixt. with an acidic liq. medium thereby causing the release of Fe ions from said Fe source to form a catalyst comprising said solid support particles and said Fe ions located on the surface of said support particles. The invention also provides the catalyst and a method for using the catalyst in purifying wastewater.
Herskowitz, M., Landau, M.V., Reizner, I. and Kaliya, M. "Production of diesel fuel from vegetable and animal oil" , U.S. Patent 8,142,527 (2012), A process for producing a fuel composition from vegetable and/or animal oil comprises hydrodeoxygenating and hydroisomerizing the oil in a single step. The fuel composition has acceptable lubricity and comprises a mixture of C14 to C18 parafins having a ratio of iso to normal parafins of 2 to 8 and less than 5 ppm sulfur.
Herskowitz, M., Landau, M., Reizer, I., Ravella, A. and Kegerreis, J. E., "Novel adsorbent for ultradeep removal of sulfur compounds from distillate fuels", U.S. Patent 20130330555 (2013).Novel adsorbents and their use in a process for the removal of sulfur compounds from distillate fuels are described herein. The novel adsorbents are comprised of nanocrystals of Ni having adsorbed on their surface phosphorus and/or phosphine species, Which nanocrystals can be distributed in a micro-/meso-porous support material.
Landau, M., Herskowitz, M., and Vidruk, R., "A catalyst and a process for catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide- containing gas and hydrogen streams to hydrocarbons", WO 2014111919 (2014). The invention relates to a catalyst suitable for use in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide- contg. gas, said catalyst comprising spinel phase of the formula [Fe2+(Fe3+yAl3+1- y) 2O4] . Processes for prepg. the catalyst and processes for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide- contg. gas in the presence of the catalyst are also disclosed.
Landau, Miron; Herskowitz, Mordechai; Rabaev, Moshe; Vidurk, Roxana, "Catalysts based on silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-11 and uses thereof", WO 2015102002 (2015). The invention provides a process for prepg. SAPO- 11, that comprises combining in an aq. soln. alumina source, P2O5 source and a silica source in the presence of a crystn. template and a surfactant to form a gel, which is then subjected to hydrothermal crystn. and calcination. The so- formed SAPO- 11, which possesses unique silicon distribution, high resistance to hydrothermal degrdn. (desilication) and high surface area, forms another aspect of the invention. Hydroprocessing of a vegetable oil in the presence of a catalyst comprising the Pt and SAPO- 11 of the invention is also demonstrated.
Landau, Miron; Herskowitz, Mordehai; Abecassis-Wolfovich, Meyrav, "Manganese oxide-cerium oxide composite", U.S. Patent 8932981 (2015). A process which comprises providing a porous matrix, mixing said porous matrix with a precursor soln. contg. manganese and cerium ions dissolved therein, triggering the formation of a non-fluid phase which contains manganese and cerium in the interior of said porous matrix, sepg. said porous matrix from a liq. phase contg. sol. metals, completing the formation of said non-fluid phase which contains manganese and cerium in the interior of said porous matrix, heat treating said porous matrix to convert said non-fluid phase contg. manganese and cerium placed therein into a manganese oxide-cerium oxide composite, and isolating said composite from said porous matrix. The resulting composite, and its use as a catalyst, are also provided.
Landau, Miron; Herskowitz, Mordechai; Vidruk, Roksana, "Catalyst and a process for catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide-containing gas and hydrogen streams to hydrocarbons", U.S. Patent 20160038919 (2016). A catalyst for prepg. hydrocarbon fractions from carbon dioxide-contg. gases (with hydrogen) comprises a spinel phase with the following formula Fe2+(Fe3+yAl3+1-y)2 O4 (y = 0.05-0.95). The spinel phase can also contain copper.
Herskowitz, Mordechay; Landau, Miron; Vidruk, Roksana; Amoyal, Meital, "Catalyst composition and catalytic processes for producing liquid hydrocarbons", WO 2016162866 (2016). The invention relates to potassium-promoted, Fe2+(Fe3+yAl3+1-y)2O4 [0.3<y≤0.7] silica-contg. extrudates, processes for the prepn. of the extrudates with the aid of colloidal silica, and the use of the extrudates to catalyze processes for producing liq. hydrocarbons.
Herskowitz, Mordechay; Hos, Tomy, Novel, "Highly efficient eco-friendly processes for converting CO2 or CO-rich streams to liquid fuels and chemicals", WO 2018051334 (2018). The invention relates to a process for prepg. liq. fuels and chems., comprising: feeding carbon monoxide and hydrogen to a hydrogenation reactor, wherein the molar ratio CO:H2 is 1:0.5 - 1:0.9; catalytically hydrogenating carbon monoxide in hydrogenation reactor; condensing the effluent of hydrogenation reactor to recover one or more org. liq.(s) and an aq. soln.; feeding a non-condensable component of effluent into an oligomerization reactor; condensing an effluent discharged from the oligomerization reactor to obtain an addnl. org. liq. and an addnl. gaseous stream; sepg. addnl. org. liq., and either combusting addnl. gaseous stream to produce heat and electricity, or processing same to obtain recyclable gaseous streams utilizable in the process. The invention also claims a process, comprising: (I) dry reforming natural gas with CO2 or co-electrolyzing CO2 with steam to yield H2-lean syngas ( 0.5 ≤ H2/CO ≤ 1.5); (II) optionally sepg. the excess hydrogen from the syngas to set it at the optimal value (0.5 ≤ H2/CO ≤ 0.9), thereby generating a H2stream; (III) adjusting the feed to the CO hydrogenation reactor by mixing the syngas with recycled CO to set it at its optimal value; (IV) converting H2-lean syngas in the presence of potassium-promoted Fe22+(Fe3+yAl3+1-y) O4 silica-contg. pellets, to yield higher hydrocarbons; (V) sepg. the org. liq. and the water products by cooling in two stages to about 40 - 70°; (VI) feeding the gaseous product to the oligomerization catalytic reactor; (VII) sepg. the org. liq. product by cooling the product to 40°; (VIII) sepg. CO from the gaseous product by pressure swing adsorption or by a membrane, thereby generating a recyclable CO stream and CO2-rich gas mixt.; (IX) splitting CO2-rich gas mixt. into two subsidiary streams; (X) feeding one of the subsidiary CO2-rich streams to the dry reformer or to the co-electrolysis unit; (XI) feeding the other CO2-rich stream and H2 to the RWGS reactor, and converting CO2 to CO over a suitable catalyst and feeding it back to the CO separator to supply CO for hydrogenation.
